SafekipediaDemographics of Haiti
Adapted from Wikipedia · Adventurer experience
Most people in Haiti are Afro-Haitian. Many also have Mulattoes, Europeans, Asians, and Arabs living there. Some Hispanic people are from Cuba and the Dominican Republic. Most Haitians live in rural areas.
Population size and structure
Haiti's population in 2018 was about 11.4 million people. This was much larger than the 3.2 million people in 1950. Most people, about 60%, were between 15 and 65 years old. Around 36% were children under 15, and only 4.5% were older than 65.
Structure of the population
| Total population | Proportion aged 0–14 (%) | Proportion aged 15–64 (%) | Proportion aged 65+ (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 3 221 000 | 39.6 | 56.7 | 3.7 |
| 1955 | 3 516 000 | 39.7 | 56.9 | 3.4 |
| 1960 | 3 869 000 | 40.3 | 56.5 | 3.2 |
| 1965 | 4 275 000 | 41.7 | 54.9 | 3.4 |
| 1970 | 4 713 000 | 41.8 | 54.5 | 3.7 |
| 1975 | 5 144 000 | 41.3 | 54.8 | 3.9 |
| 1980 | 5 692 000 | 41.1 | 54.9 | 4.0 |
| 1985 | 6 389 000 | 42.2 | 53.8 | 4.0 |
| 1990 | 7 110 000 | 43.1 | 52.9 | 4.0 |
| 1995 | 7 838 000 | 42.6 | 53.5 | 3.9 |
| 2000 | 8 578 000 | 40.3 | 55.7 | 4.0 |
| 2005 | 9 261 000 | 38.1 | 57.8 | 4.2 |
| 2010 | 10,085,214 | 36.2 | 59.7 | 4.5 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 4 993 731 | 5 091 483 | 10 085 214 | 100 |
| 0–4 | 644 550 | 618 772 | 1 263 322 | 12.53 |
| 5–9 | 608 495 | 586 984 | 1 195 479 | 11.85 |
| 10–14 | 588 618 | 569 860 | 1 158 478 | 11.49 |
| 15–19 | 551 467 | 540 897 | 1 092 364 | 10.83 |
| 20–24 | 509 042 | 510 547 | 1 019 589 | 10.11 |
| 25–29 | 454 123 | 465 513 | 919 636 | 9.12 |
| 30–34 | 340 518 | 362 078 | 702 596 | 6.97 |
| 35–39 | 261 157 | 286 847 | 548 004 | 5.43 |
| 40–44 | 235 182 | 253 300 | 488 482 | 4.84 |
| 45–49 | 204 077 | 219 300 | 423 377 | 4.20 |
| 50–54 | 166 418 | 176 495 | 342 913 | 3.40 |
| 55–59 | 136 034 | 148 697 | 284 731 | 2.82 |
| 60–64 | 95 939 | 110 896 | 206 835 | 2.05 |
| 65–69 | 81 854 | 94 044 | 175 898 | 1.74 |
| 70–74 | 58 181 | 71 255 | 129 436 | 1.28 |
| 75–79 | 35 538 | 45 360 | 80 898 | 0.80 |
| 80+ | 22 538 | 30 638 | 53 176 | 0.53 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
| 0–14 | 1 841 663 | 1 775 999 | 3 617 229 | 35.87 |
| 15–64 | 2 953 957 | 3 074 620 | 6 028 577 | 59.78 |
| 65+ | 198 111 | 241 297 | 439 408 | 4.36 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 5 075 517 | 5 172 789 | 10 248 306 | 100 |
| 0–4 | 647 465 | 621 432 | 1 268 897 | 12.38 |
| 5–9 | 611 472 | 589 690 | 1 201 161 | 11.72 |
| 10–14 | 591 018 | 572 066 | 1 163 085 | 11.35 |
| 15–19 | 556 085 | 544 798 | 1 100 883 | 10.74 |
| 20–24 | 514 235 | 514 898 | 1 029 132 | 10.04 |
| 25–29 | 465 396 | 475 451 | 940 847 | 9.18 |
| 30–34 | 358 927 | 379 066 | 737 993 | 7.20 |
| 35–39 | 270 574 | 296 362 | 566 936 | 5.53 |
| 40–44 | 237 754 | 257 273 | 495 026 | 4.83 |
| 45–49 | 208 671 | 224 746 | 433 416 | 4.23 |
| 50–54 | 171 468 | 182 332 | 353 800 | 3.45 |
| 55–59 | 140 392 | 152 742 | 293 134 | 2.86 |
| 60–64 | 99 846 | 114 973 | 214 819 | 2.10 |
| 65–69 | 82 201 | 94 868 | 177 069 | 1.73 |
| 70–74 | 59 833 | 72 957 | 132 790 | 1.30 |
| 75–79 | 36 751 | 47 083 | 83 834 | 0.82 |
| 80+ | 23 431 | 32 053 | 55 484 | 0.54 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
| 0–14 | 1 849 955 | 1 783 188 | 3 633 143 | 35.45 |
| 15–64 | 3 023 346 | 3 142 640 | 6 165 986 | 60.17 |
| 65+ | 202 216 | 246 961 | 449 177 | 4.38 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 5 659 140 | 5 752 387 | 11 411 527 | 100 |
| 0–4 | 661 535 | 634 371 | 1 295 906 | 11.36 |
| 5–9 | 635 927 | 611 692 | 1 247 619 | 10.93 |
| 10–14 | 608 695 | 588 396 | 1 197 091 | 10.49 |
| 15–19 | 580 801 | 565 986 | 1 146 787 | 10.05 |
| 20–24 | 547 618 | 542 296 | 1 089 914 | 9.55 |
| 25–29 | 504 926 | 508 355 | 1 013 281 | 8.88 |
| 30–34 | 463 541 | 473 269 | 936 810 | 8.21 |
| 35–39 | 387 698 | 405 499 | 793 197 | 6.95 |
| 40–44 | 285 013 | 309 823 | 594 836 | 5.21 |
| 45–49 | 230 537 | 254 629 | 485 166 | 4.25 |
| 50–54 | 206 255 | 224 859 | 431 114 | 3.78 |
| 55–59 | 170 991 | 186 498 | 357 489 | 3.13 |
| 60–64 | 134 300 | 148 115 | 282 415 | 2.47 |
| 65–69 | 97 454 | 113 753 | 211 207 | 1.85 |
| 70–74 | 66 084 | 80 979 | 147 063 | 1.29 |
| 75–79 | 46 188 | 58 733 | 104 921 | 0.92 |
| 80+ | 31 576 | 45 134 | 76 710 | 0.67 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
| 0–14 | 1 906 157 | 1 834 459 | 3 740 616 | 32.78 |
| 15–64 | 3 511 681 | 3 619 329 | 7 131 010 | 62.49 |
| 65+ | 241 302 | 298 599 | 539 901 | 4.73 |
Vital statistics
UN estimates
It is hard to keep track of births and deaths in Haiti. The United Nations helped make some guesses about the population. After a big earthquake in Haiti in 2010, the number of babies being born went down.
Demographic and Health Surveys
Special surveys collect information about how many babies are born and how many people want to have babies.
Life expectancy at birth
In 2018, people in Haiti lived about 64 years on average. Men lived around 62 years, and women lived about 67 years.
| Mid-year population (thousands) | Live births (thousands) | Deaths (thousands) | Natural change (thousands) | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | Crude migration rate (per 1000) | Total fertility rate (TFR) | Infant mortality (per 1000 live births) | Life expectancy (in years) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 3 247 | 151 | 87 | 63 | 46.3 | 26.8 | 19.5 | 6.25 | 248.2 | 37.48 | |
| 1951 | 3 302 | 152 | 87 | 65 | 46.0 | 26.4 | 19.6 | -2.9 | 6.24 | 243.7 | 37.91 |
| 1952 | 3 359 | 154 | 86 | 68 | 45.8 | 25.5 | 20.2 | -3.2 | 6.24 | 235.1 | 38.83 |
| 1953 | 3 419 | 156 | 85 | 71 | 45.5 | 24.7 | 20.7 | -3.2 | 6.23 | 227.1 | 39.70 |
| 1954 | 3 481 | 157 | 84 | 73 | 45.2 | 24.1 | 21.0 | -3.2 | 6.22 | 220.0 | 40.29 |
| 1955 | 3 546 | 160 | 83 | 77 | 45.0 | 23.3 | 21.7 | -3.4 | 6.23 | 212.9 | 41.26 |
| 1956 | 3 614 | 162 | 82 | 80 | 44.8 | 22.7 | 22.1 | -3.3 | 6.23 | 206.9 | 41.96 |
| 1957 | 3 684 | 163 | 82 | 81 | 44.3 | 22.3 | 22.0 | -3 | 6.20 | 203.4 | 42.36 |
| 1958 | 3 755 | 166 | 83 | 84 | 44.2 | 21.9 | 22.3 | -3.4 | 6.22 | 199.8 | 42.77 |
| 1959 | 3 828 | 169 | 83 | 86 | 44.0 | 21.6 | 22.4 | -3.3 | 6.23 | 196.6 | 43.12 |
| 1960 | 3 901 | 170 | 83 | 87 | 43.6 | 21.3 | 22.3 | -3.6 | 6.21 | 193.3 | 43.50 |
| 1961 | 3 975 | 173 | 83 | 89 | 43.3 | 20.9 | 22.4 | -3 | 6.20 | 190.1 | 43.91 |
| 1962 | 4 050 | 175 | 83 | 91 | 43.0 | 20.6 | 22.5 | -4 | 6.19 | 187.0 | 44.29 |
| 1963 | 4 122 | 177 | 89 | 87 | 42.8 | 21.6 | 21.2 | -3.7 | 6.18 | 188.4 | 42.77 |
| 1964 | 4 196 | 179 | 84 | 95 | 42.5 | 19.9 | 22.6 | -5 | 6.18 | 181.0 | 44.97 |
| 1965 | 4 274 | 180 | 84 | 96 | 42.0 | 19.6 | 22.4 | -4.2 | 6.12 | 178.0 | 45.35 |
| 1966 | 4 353 | 181 | 84 | 97 | 41.5 | 19.4 | 22.1 | -4 | 6.07 | 175.2 | 45.59 |
| 1967 | 4 433 | 183 | 84 | 99 | 41.1 | 18.9 | 22.2 | -4.2 | 6.03 | 171.8 | 46.13 |
| 1968 | 4 514 | 184 | 84 | 100 | 40.7 | 18.6 | 22.1 | -4.2 | 5.97 | 168.5 | 46.51 |
| 1969 | 4 597 | 186 | 84 | 102 | 40.3 | 18.3 | 22.1 | -4 | 5.93 | 165.2 | 46.92 |
| 1970 | 4 681 | 188 | 84 | 103 | 40.0 | 17.9 | 22.0 | -4.1 | 5.87 | 162.0 | 47.34 |
| 1971 | 4 766 | 189 | 84 | 105 | 39.6 | 17.6 | 21.9 | -4.1 | 5.80 | 158.6 | 47.72 |
| 1972 | 4 853 | 191 | 85 | 106 | 39.2 | 17.4 | 21.8 | -3.9 | 5.72 | 155.3 | 47.95 |
| 1973 | 4 941 | 192 | 85 | 107 | 38.8 | 17.2 | 21.6 | -3.8 | 5.65 | 151.6 | 48.21 |
| 1974 | 5 031 | 197 | 86 | 111 | 39.0 | 17.1 | 21.9 | -4 | 5.66 | 148.0 | 48.42 |
| 1975 | 5 125 | 202 | 87 | 115 | 39.3 | 17.0 | 22.3 | -4 | 5.69 | 144.6 | 48.68 |
| 1976 | 5 222 | 207 | 88 | 119 | 39.5 | 16.9 | 22.7 | -4,1 | 5.69 | 141.0 | 48.96 |
| 1977 | 5 324 | 212 | 89 | 123 | 39.8 | 16.7 | 23.0 | -3.8 | 5.68 | 137.7 | 49.21 |
| 1978 | 5 429 | 217 | 91 | 126 | 39.8 | 16.6 | 23.2 | -3.9 | 5.67 | 134.4 | 49.43 |
| 1979 | 5 536 | 222 | 92 | 130 | 39.9 | 16.5 | 23.4 | -4.1 | 5.67 | 131.3 | 49.68 |
| 1980 | 5 647 | 226 | 93 | 133 | 40.0 | 16.4 | 23.6 | -3.9 | 5.65 | 128.4 | 49.90 |
| 1981 | 5 760 | 231 | 93 | 138 | 40.1 | 16.1 | 23.9 | -4.3 | 5.67 | 125.4 | 50.27 |
| 1982 | 5 878 | 237 | 94 | 143 | 40.2 | 16.0 | 24.2 | -4.1 | 5.70 | 122.4 | 50.55 |
| 1983 | 5 998 | 239 | 95 | 145 | 39.8 | 15.7 | 24.1 | -4.1 | 5.66 | 119.5 | 50.87 |
| 1984 | 6 120 | 243 | 95 | 148 | 39.6 | 15.5 | 24.1 | -4.2 | 5.63 | 116.8 | 51.12 |
| 1985 | 6 246 | 248 | 95 | 153 | 39.6 | 15.2 | 24.4 | -4.2 | 5.62 | 114.0 | 51.52 |
| 1986 | 6 375 | 252 | 96 | 157 | 39.5 | 15.0 | 24.5 | -4.3 | 5.61 | 111.3 | 51.88 |
| 1987 | 6 508 | 257 | 96 | 161 | 39.3 | 14.7 | 24.6 | -4.2 | 5.59 | 108.4 | 52.24 |
| 1988 | 6 645 | 260 | 96 | 164 | 39.0 | 14.4 | 24.6 | -4 | 5.57 | 105.8 | 52.63 |
| 1989 | 6 784 | 263 | 97 | 166 | 38.7 | 14.2 | 24.4 | -3.9 | 5.53 | 103.2 | 52.76 |
| 1990 | 6 925 | 266 | 97 | 168 | 38.3 | 14.0 | 24.2 | -3.9 | 5.48 | 100.7 | 52.98 |
| 1991 | 7 066 | 262 | 97 | 166 | 37.1 | 13.7 | 23.4 | -3.4 | 5.32 | 98.0 | 53.39 |
| 1992 | 7 206 | 262 | 96 | 167 | 36.4 | 13.3 | 23.1 | -3.7 | 5.21 | 95.3 | 53.84 |
| 1993 | 7 346 | 262 | 95 | 167 | 35.6 | 12.9 | 22.7 | -3.6 | 5.10 | 92.6 | 54.35 |
| 1994 | 7 486 | 262 | 95 | 167 | 34.9 | 12.6 | 22.3 | -3.6 | 4.99 | 90.5 | 54.65 |
| 1995 | 7 627 | 262 | 92 | 170 | 34.2 | 12.0 | 22.2 | -3.7 | 4.88 | 87.2 | 55.55 |
| 1996 | 7 771 | 262 | 91 | 172 | 33.7 | 11.6 | 22.0 | -3,5 | 4.78 | 84.5 | 56.15 |
| 1997 | 7 915 | 263 | 90 | 173 | 33.2 | 11.4 | 21.8 | -3.6 | 4.67 | 81.7 | 56.52 |
| 1998 | 8 061 | 263 | 89 | 174 | 32.6 | 11.0 | 21.5 | -3.4 | 4.56 | 79.3 | 57.14 |
| 1999 | 8 209 | 264 | 87 | 177 | 32.1 | 10.6 | 21.5 | -3.5 | 4.45 | 76.7 | 57.96 |
| 2000 | 8 360 | 267 | 87 | 180 | 31.8 | 10.3 | 21.5 | -3.4 | 4.39 | 74.4 | 58.37 |
| 2001 | 8 512 | 264 | 87 | 177 | 31.0 | 10.2 | 20.8 | -2.9 | 4.25 | 72.2 | 58.49 |
| 2002 | 8 662 | 263 | 87 | 176 | 30.3 | 10.0 | 20.3 | -3 | 4.13 | 70.2 | 58.86 |
| 2003 | 8 812 | 264 | 86 | 178 | 29.9 | 9.7 | 20.2 | -3.2 | 4.04 | 68.4 | 59.51 |
| 2004 | 8 961 | 264 | 91 | 173 | 29.5 | 10.2 | 19.3 | -2.7 | 3.94 | 70.7 | 58.48 |
| 2005 | 9 112 | 265 | 84 | 180 | 29.0 | 9.2 | 19.8 | -3.2 | 3.83 | 65.2 | 60.42 |
| 2006 | 9 266 | 266 | 84 | 181 | 28.6 | 9.1 | 19.5 | -2.9 | 3.74 | 63.8 | 60.76 |
| 2007 | 9 421 | 266 | 84 | 182 | 28.2 | 8.9 | 19.2 | -2.7 | 3.64 | 62.6 | 61.10 |
| 2008 | 9 575 | 267 | 85 | 182 | 27.8 | 8.9 | 19.0 | -2.9 | 3.57 | 61.4 | 61.33 |
| 2009 | 9 731 | 269 | 85 | 184 | 27.6 | 8.7 | 18.9 | -2.9 | 3.51 | 59.9 | 61.74 |
| 2010 | 9 843 | 271 | 175 | 96 | 27.5 | 17.7 | 9.8 | 1.6 | 3.47 | 75.9 | 46.02 |
| 2011 | 9 954 | 271 | 87 | 184 | 27.2 | 8.8 | 18.4 | -7.2 | 3.41 | 58.3 | 61.62 |
| 2012 | 10 109 | 269 | 86 | 183 | 26.6 | 8.5 | 18.1 | -2.8 | 3.30 | 56.7 | 62.29 |
| 2013 | 10 261 | 268 | 86 | 182 | 26.1 | 8.4 | 17.7 | -2.9 | 3.22 | 55.3 | 62.61 |
| 2014 | 10 413 | 269 | 86 | 183 | 25.8 | 8.2 | 17.5 | -2.9 | 3.16 | 54.1 | 62.99 |
| 2015 | 10 564 | 270 | 87 | 183 | 25.5 | 8.2 | 17.3 | -3 | 3.11 | 52.8 | 63.24 |
| 2016 | 10 714 | 271 | 88 | 183 | 25.3 | 8.2 | 17.1 | -3.1 | 3.06 | 51.8 | 63.39 |
| 2017 | 10 864 | 272 | 87 | 185 | 25.0 | 8.0 | 17.0 | -3.2 | 3.02 | 50.2 | 63.85 |
| 2018 | 11 012 | 271 | 88 | 183 | 24.6 | 8.0 | 16.6 | -3.2 | 2.96 | 48.9 | 64.02 |
| 2019 | 11 160 | 272 | 89 | 183 | 24.3 | 8.0 | 16.4 | -3.1 | 2.92 | 47.8 | 64.26 |
| 2020 | 11 307 | 271 | 93 | 178 | 23.9 | 8.2 | 15.8 | -2.8 | 2.87 | 46.7 | 64.05 |
| 2021 | 11 448 | 269 | 99 | 170 | 23.5 | 8.7 | 14.8 | -2.5 | 2.81 | 46.0 | 63.19 |
| Year | CBR (Total) | TFR (Total) | CBR (Urban) | TFR (Urban) | CBR (Rural) | TFR (Rural) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1994–95 | 34 | 4.8 (3.0) | 31 | 3.3 (2.2) | 35 | 5.9 (3.7) |
| 2000 | 32.6 | 4.7 (2.7) | 29.4 | 3.3 (2.0) | 34.0 | 5.8 (3.4) |
| 2005–2006 | 28.7 | 4.0 (2.4) | 26.2 | 2.8 (1.8) | 30.1 | 5.0 (2.9) |
| 2012 | 27.8 | 3.5 (2.2) | 24.4 | 2.6 (1.9) | 29.4 | 4.4 (2.6) |
| 2016–17 | 24.3 | 3.0 (1.9) | 21.1 | 2.1 (1.5) | 26.3 | 3.9 (2.3) |
Ethnic groups
See also: Haitians
Most people in Haiti have African roots. They make up about 95% of the population. The other people come from families that moved to Haiti or married into Haitian families later on.
Languages
The island of Haiti, also called Ayti, was once home to the Taíno people.
Today, Haiti has two official languages: French and Haitian Creole. Haitian Creole is spoken by almost everyone in Haiti. It is a mix of French and words from other languages. French is used in schools and government, but not everyone speaks it well.
Some people near the border with the Dominican Republic speak Spanish, and a few people in business know some English. Haiti is one of only two countries in the Americas, along with Canada, where French is an official language.
Religion
Main articles: Religion in Haiti and Haitian Vodou
The most common religions in Haiti are Roman Catholicism, Pentecostalism, and Baptist. Roman Catholicism is the state religion. About 30–35% of Haitians follow Protestantism, especially Pentecostalism. Almost all Haitians belong to at least one religion, and some also practice Vodou.
Vodou is similar to Cuban Santeria. Vodou focuses on family spirits called Lwa that protect children. Families thank these spirits with special ceremonies.
Many Haitians today see it as normal to practice both Vodou and Christianity.
Unfortunately, some people still criticize Vodou, and it has sometimes been misunderstood in stories and movies.
Migration
Many Haitians have moved to other countries. They often go to the United States, Canada, and Quebec. Some also move to Cuba, France, French Guiana, Spain, Belgium, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Venezuela, Brazil, Chile, the Bahamas, and other Caribbean countries. This group is called the Eleventh Department or the Diaspora.
There are about 45,000 Americans living in Haiti. They are a small part of Haiti's population.
Related articles
This article is a child-friendly adaptation of the Wikipedia article on Demographics of Haiti, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
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