Networking hardware

Networking hardware, also known as network equipment or computer networking devices, are important tools that help devices talk to each other on a computer network. These devices work together to send and receive information.

When we use computers, phones, or other gadgets to connect to the internet or share files, networking hardware makes this possible. They control how data travels from one device to another.

Devices that send or receive the data, like computers and phones, are called hosts, end systems, or data terminal equipment. Without networking hardware, these devices wouldn’t be able to communicate and share information effectively.

Range

Networking devices are tools that help different devices talk to each other on a network. These devices can be simple, like copper-based Ethernet adapters, which are built into most modern computers, or more advanced, like wireless tools that let portable devices connect without wires.

Other important network tools include data center equipment like file servers, database servers, and storage areas, as well as services such as DNS, DHCP, and email. Even mobile phones, tablet computers, and devices in the internet of things are part of networking hardware. As more everyday objects connect to the internet, the idea of what counts as networking hardware will keep growing.

Specific devices

Network hardware are special tools that help different devices talk to each other on a network. These tools can be grouped by where they are used and what they do.

Core tools are the main parts of a network that connect everything else. Some examples are:

• Gateway: helps different kinds of networks talk to each other.
• Router: sends information from one place to another on the internet.
• Switch: connects devices on the same network and makes sure information goes only to the right place.
• Bridge: links different parts of a network together.
• Repeater: makes a signal stronger so it can travel farther.
• Repeater hub: an older tool that connects devices, but is mostly replaced by switches now.
• Wireless access point
• Structured cabling

Hybrid tools can be used in the main part of the network or at the edges. Examples include:

• Multilayer switch: a switch that can do more advanced tasks.
• Protocol converter: changes one type of signal to another so different tools can work together.
• Bridge router (brouter): works like both a bridge and a router.

Border tools sit where two different networks meet, like your home network and the internet. Examples are:

• Proxy server: helps you connect to other services indirectly.
• Firewall: keeps out unwanted visitors and protects the network.
• Network address translator (NAT): changes addresses so devices can talk to each other.
• Residential gateway: connects your home to the internet service provider.
• Terminal server: links devices with special ports to a network.

End stations are tools you might find at the very end of a network, like on your computer. Examples include:

• Network interface controller (NIC): connects a computer to a network.
• Wireless network interface controller: connects a computer to a wireless network.
• Modem: sends information over phone lines.
• ISDN terminal adapter (TA): a special gateway for certain types of connections.
• Line driver: makes signals stronger so they can travel farther.