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Close-mid front unrounded vowel

Adapted from Wikipedia · Discoverer experience

A visual display showing the sound waves of a vowel pronunciation, used in studying how we speak.

The close-mid front unrounded vowel is a special sound used in many languages around the world. It is often written with the symbol ⟨e⟩ in the International Phonetic Alphabet, a system that helps show how words are pronounced. This sound is made by shaping the mouth in a particular way: the tongue is raised toward the middle of the mouth, and the lips are not rounded.

This vowel sound appears in several common words. For example, in English, the word "bed" has this sound. Other languages, like French and German, also use this sound in many of their words. Understanding these sounds helps people learn new languages and speak them more clearly.

Learning about vowel sounds like the close-mid front unrounded vowel can be fun and useful. It helps us understand how different languages work and why words sound the way they do. If you are learning a new language, knowing these sounds can make it easier to pronounce words correctly.

Features

Spectrogram of [e]

This sound is made with the tongue halfway between a high vowel and a mid vowel, so it is called a close-mid or high-mid vowel. The tongue is placed toward the front of the mouth, but the lips stay relaxed and not rounded.

Occurrence

LanguageWordIPAMeaning
AfrikaansStandardbed[bet]'bed'
ArabicStandardمَجۡر۪ىٰهَا/majrēhā[mad͡ʒ.reː.haː]
Azerbaijanigeئجه[ɟeˈd͡ʒæ]'night'
Bengaliভেজা[bʱdʒɐ]'wet'
BavarianAmstetten dialect
Bretoneget[eˈɡet]'than'
Catalanséc[ˈsek]'fold'
ChineseShanghainese/kè[ke̠ʔ˩]'should'
Chuvashэрешмен/ereşmen[erɛʃ'mɛnʲ]'spider'
DanishStandardhæl[ˈheːˀl]'heel'
DutchBelgianvreemd[vreːmt]'strange'
EnglishAustralianbed[bed]'bed'
New Zealand
General Americanmay[meː]'may'
General Indian
General Pakistani
Geordie
Scottish
Singaporean
Ulster
Some Cardiff speakerssquare[skweː]'square'
Scouse
Scottishbit[bë̞ʔ]'bit'
Cockneybird[bɛ̝̈ːd]'bird'
Estoniankeha[ˈkeɦɑ̝ˑ]'body'
Frenchbeauté[bot̪e]'beauty'
GermanStandardSeele[ˈzeːlə]'soul'
Many speakersJäger[ˈjeːɡɐ]'hunter'
Southern accentsBett[b̥et]'bed'
Swabian accent
GreekSfakian
Hebrewכן/ken[ke̞n]'yes'
HindustaniHindiतेज़/tez[t̪eːz]'fast', 'sharp'
Urduتیز/tez
Hungarianhét[heːt̪]'seven'
ItalianStandardstelle[ˈs̪t̪elle]'stars'
Khmerទុរេន / turen[tureːn]'durian'
Korean메아리 / meari[meɐɾi]'echo'
LimburgishMost dialectsleef[leːf]'dear'
Lithuaniantėtė[t̪eːt̪eː]'father'
MalayStandardkecil[kə.t͡ʃel]'small'
habis[ha.bes]'run out'
Malayalamചെവി/čevi[ȶ͡ɕeʋi]'ear'
Marathiएक/ek[e:k]'one'
Norwegianle[leː]'laugh'
Mpadefaɗe[faɗe]'night'
Persianسه/se[se]'three'
Polishdzień[d͡ʑeɲ̟]'day'
Portuguesemesa[ˈmezɐ]'table'
Romanianumple[ˈumple]'to fill'
Russianшея/šeja[ˈʂejə]'neck'
Saterland Frisiantään[te̠ːn]'thin'
Slovenesedem[ˈsèːdəm]'seven'
Sothoho jwetsa[hʊ̠ʒʷet͡sʼɑ̈]'to tell'
SwedishCentral Standardse[s̪eː]'see'
Tahitianvahine[vahine]'woman'
Tamilசெவி/čevi[ȶ͡ɕeʋi]'ear'
Ukrainianефі́рний efirný[eˈfirnɪj]'ethereal'
Welshchwech[χweːχ]'six'
Yoruba

Related articles

This article is a child-friendly adaptation of the Wikipedia article on Close-mid front unrounded vowel, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

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